In addition to the colonies settled by the charter companies, there were also so-called proprietor colonies. These were areas that the king gave loyal friends on the condition that they settled the land that had been given to them. Maryland was one of those Proprietor Colonies. In 1634 King CHARLES I donated the area north of Virginia to LORD BALTIMORE. His son named the colony a refuge for persecuted Catholics. New Hampshire, north of Massachusetts, was another such Proprietor Colony. In 1629 it was given to several British nobles assigned. These later divided the territory into New Hampshire and Maine. Connecticut, like Rhode Island, was founded by Puritans from Massachusetts. Under the direction of THOMAS HOOKER, in 1634 settlers traveled west with their belongings and cattle in so-called tracks to settle near what is now Hartford.In addition to the English, other nationalities had spread as settlers in the New World by this time. While the Germans, Scots and Irish tended to move to existing English colonies, the Dutch in particular had the Swedes too founded their own colonies.
In 1664 the British King CHARLES II took over these colonies and declared them English territory. England now had four new colonies in one fell swoop: New Jersey, which together with New York had been called New Netherlands under Dutch colonization (New Amsterdam became New York City), Delaware, originally founded by Swedes, then by Dutch and finally by the English was taken over. And Pennsylvania, which was also founded by the Dutch and Swedes in 1623.
The king’s brother, JAMES, DUKE OF YORK (and namesake for state and city) transferred the area on the mid-Atlantic to the Quaker WILLIAM PENN. The Quakers were like the Puritans, a religious organization, but so far more radical in their orientation than they declared pacifists were, that is strictly opposed fighting and conflict resolution by force. WILLIAM PENN named the new settlement after his father, it is said today, out of gratitude for lending him money. He made Pennsylvania an exemplary colony. For example, Pennsylvania, as a notable exception, cultivated friendly contacts with the Indians, traded and only bought land from them with appropriately negotiated agreements. PENNsHoly Experiment (holy experiment) opened. In fact, PENN was so successful that JAMES entrusted him with Delaware. It was not until 1776, during the American Revolution, that it became its own state.
In the south of the east coast a group of eight nobles founded the colony Carolina as a proprietor community. Initially, they concentrated entirely on the southern part, where the city of Charleston was founded in 1669 in honor of the English king. The cultivation of rice and indigo, which could soon be done on huge plantations and only with the forced labor of African slaves, helped Carolina to prosperity. Since it was dominated by British aristocrats for a long time, the people here also lived a far more upscale lifestyle than in the north of the country, where religiously motivated modesty prevailed. Another specialty of the Carolinas, which only became part of North and South Carolina in 1729 split was its constitution, drawn up by LORD ASHLEY, secretary of the famous state philosopher JOHN LOCKE.
According to indexdotcom, the last English colony established in America was Georgia. 1732 familiar King GEORGE II. It 21 trustees (trustees) to. The southernmost colony at that time was intended as a “buffer zone” between the English and Spanish settlements in South America. JAMES OGLETHORPE founded the city of Savannah in 1733. From 1759 Georgia also developed into a plantation colony.
From New England to the Southern States
The 13 states presented here are also called the Founding Colonies of the United States. Usually they are assigned to three regions according to their geographic location. New England in the north of the east coast, where a more European way of life was cultivated with the Puritans, where the most important ports of the country were and which quickly developed into the spiritual center of colonial America (Harvard College was founded here in 1636). New England includes the founding states of New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts.The central Atlantic states are located below New England. Here was agriculture,but also (fur) trade. The central Atlantic states include Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania.The southern states are Virginia, the Carolinas and Georgia. Here were the large plantations on which tobacco, rice, indigo and cotton were planted, with the generous dedication of involuntarily enslaved Africans. Here the Americans had an aristocratic lifestyle than in the north, with lavish mansions and a dissolute lifestyle.Looking at these contrasts, it is not surprising that after the independence we achieved together It was precisely these differences between the feudal-lavish South and the religious-ascetic North that led to the nation’s first major internal conflict, the American Civil War.
